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Why Media Marketing Online — a SEO Company in India

admin — Mon, 18 Jan 2010 17:21:43 +0000

Website creation and its optimization is increasingly getting popular amongst Companies, who want to create a niche amongst competitors. SEO Company India plays an important role in optimizing websites in web-market. Media Marketing Online is one of the eminent SEO Companies in India, having a prominent place amongst its counterparts. Search engine optimization is as important as creating a website for a company. This is because, without proper optimization, a website can?t create a position of its own. Creating a website means, generating proper content for visitors, and optimizing a website means creating a popularizing a website in web-market. When we say Media Marketing Online, we mean to say perfection in anything we do. Services: Media Marketing Online or MMO serves customers, with professionalism. Clients are given due importance. Each and every SEO activity is discussed with clients to have absolute coordination of activities. Premium services are provided to all clients. Packages: Great variations in packages promote different activities as per client?s requirements and budget. This way client enjoys individualism and excellence. Clients are always given due preferences for activities, with proper guidance. Prices: All prices are competitive, according to services provided and as per packages opted for. Media Marketing Online is one Company which is backed with latest advanced technology and professional expertise. Latest technology enables proper working and experts provide professionalism to services. Experience: Media Marketing Online was established quite a few years back with an objective of providing services par excellence. Now with growing market and rising number of clients, MMO has branches in Gurgaon and other prime locations, apart from Mumbai. This is to serve clients with ease and expertise. With so many different expert services, specialized packages and affordableSeo Company prices, it is best to opt for Media Marketing Online. For more details about Seo Packages visit on our website www. mediamarketingonline. com

Social Media Optimization-reliable interactive marketing

admin — Sat, 19 Dec 2009 17:21:00 +0000

With the increasing popularity of social media sites, large number of visitors is logging to them for better search results. People are more influenced through social media; because they feel that the information passed on to them is not being paid for and hence not meddled-up with. The best part of social media marketing is that it enables the marketer to create a dialogue with targeted audience. Marketing network gets stronger due to widespread publicity in multiple mediums. Social media can be calculated for effective ROI. There are different social media sites like review sites, blogs, friend sites, online forum, video sites, online communities, and many more. Interaction venues include Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, online communities, review-sites, and community websites. These sites are frequently visited by the Internet-savvy people. Social media helps in bridging the gap between the individual and the group. People are so busy with their work, that there is hardly any time to visit their friends and relatives. Social media sites are highly interactive, where you meet likeminded people and your voice is delivered to more people than ever before. Users interacting in social media sites experience a sense of belonging. Similarly Companies also gain in social media optimization as they get a larger platform of customers at a same place. Their relationship with customers is build upon trust and sharing. Information which is read by a single customer is passed on to the whole group via social interaction. Naturally this information holds more logic and higher reliability due to its source. Companies are giving liberty to connect and interact with customers and prospects for powerful publicity. In fact, since millions of people across the world are interacting in social media sites, it is crucial to be there. Those Companies which are not placing them on these sites are actually losing upon their business. Search amongst these sites helps in creating a powerful position among social media network. Social media interaction leads to higher sales and fabulous profits. Many Companies are profiting from the word of mouth publicity. This reliable marketing and publicity technique creates better business prospects for the marketer and researcher. for more details on? Search Engine Optimization Company and? Content Development visit on our website

Social Media Marketing interact with customers

admin — Wed, 25 Nov 2009 13:19:04 +0000

Social media marketing is characterized by engaging social networks like online communities, blogs, wikis and other form of networking sites to reach to their niche customers and creating an interest in them. Twitter, Blogs, LinkedIn, Facebook, Flickr, and UTube are social media marketing tools to create an interest in visiting community. Social media communities are interactive as well as informative. It is not essential that the Company or website has to keep on writing information about their Company. These sites should be updated regularly for greater interactive ability and hence higher publicity. Once a visitor gets a prompt response from the website owner, then only it is sure to become a permanent member and promote the website through word of mouth. Social media marketing is a large means of reaching to the customers, simultaneously. Those websites, who have large database of their customers and visitors, can easily interact with them and create interest in their website?s product and services easily. Social Media Marketing can create a buzz or events that can attract attention from visitors. Buzz ticks and travel through user to user contact. Multiple online social media venues like Twitter, Facebook are good means of building fans. It is to be noted that bad sites backfire on social media marketing. Therefore create such sites which are informative in positive manner. Badly designed site will generate negative publicity and devastating effects for that website. Social media sites are visited almost daily by innumerable visitors. People are registering themselves daily to interact with their friends and make new friends simultaneously. ??? ?This online marketing technique helps to increase website traffic to a website, irrelevant as well as relevant. ??? ?It helps to understand user-behavior. ??? ?Helps detect conversions and keeps record of sales. ??? ?Networking sites provide page-views and exposure from advertisement. ??? ?Creating brand awareness amongst lesser known group and popularizing amongst known customers. ??? ?One of the most important benefits is to create positive brand association and maintaining with full aptitude. The best part of social media marketing is that it helps in business development and broader customers reach. for more details on Social Network Marketing and Link Building Company visit on our website

Any News Any Where

admin — Thu, 19 Nov 2009 17:16:09 +0000

I found a new news site named http://www. jorbit. com/ updated every 20mts with advanced RSS technology used for collecting news from? worldwide News Sites. I think this site syndicated with all news site worldwide through RSS feeds. So visitors or news seekers can search a news on the Internet easier for than visiting each news site. Using a fast and straight forward interface, users can search any news in any location from this site. This is very fast and reliable news searching facility ever i found in internet. And you can also find videos, images related with news. You can understand more about this site by visiting http://www. jorbit. com/. It will help them to save time and find news from? USA , UK , Canada, Australia , Gulf , Singapore and India . And also news are beautifully organized based on the? location and have subpages like Headlines News, Entertainment News, Entertainment News, Sports News, Science news, Technology News, Business news, Stocks News, Healthnews, Medical News in http://www. jorbit. com/. Jorbit. com is a new news site with advanced technology used for searching news from all news sites, worldwide. We are syndicated with news sites worldwide through RSS technology. Jorbit. com is a news search engine designed to make the process of finding a news on the Internet easier for the user. It maps the huge selection of news available on the Internet in one extensive database by referencing news pages originating from company web sites. Using a fast and straightforward interface, users can query this database saving them the trouble of going to each site individually. Essentially Jorbit. com acts as traffic driver to those sites.

The Power of an Online News Portal!

admin — Thu, 19 Nov 2009 17:15:21 +0000

The Power of an Online News Portal! Now days the online news websites play a vital role in educating and informing people about all the latest happenings around the world. Generally speaking, the role of an online news website is really very important in today?s fast life where no one has enough time to sit in front of Television to know what?s going around him. An online news portal solves several purposes: 1. News websites give the information to the public ? political, social, sports, entertainment etc. 2. Instant and latest news from all over the globe. 3. Easier accessibility. 4. Latest news as per the interest. 5. Live coverage of Cricket matches and other sports etc. 6. A reader can easily give his/her comments on any issue. 7. Minute-to-minute coverage of any breaking news. 8. Exclusive videos of breaking news. 9. Exclusive pictures of specials news events. Online media is a powerful source in any society because it provides latest news on various issues as one package. With a news portal you can get news on various topics like politics, world, business, sports, entertainment, finance, etc at a time. Being an instant source of communication a news portal provides easy access from all across the globe on just a mouse click. People rely on the online media as the major channel of information because there are lot of trusted news websites present in WWW. Some of the premier world news portals are news. bbc. co. uk, cnn. com, foxnews. com, and reuters. com are continuously serving people with the high quality of news since they are online. And so many other country specific news websites are also serving people with the all latest news and headlines from that particular country. Some of the premium Indian news portals are zeenews. com, ndtv. com and ibnlive. com delivers exclusive India news and update and news from all across the world. Any news / article or a piece of information over a news website has a deep influence on the whole society. It?s an easily accessible source of information that also provides you the option to express your view on any news. Some of news websites provide videos and pictures of any breaking news that happens around us. The most important and nice part of an online news portal contains all past news and stories in it?s archive section so that you can anytime get any news / story of past by searching it. An online news portal keeps you updated on various worldwide issues at your fingertips!

Reputation Media – Reputation Management Basics

admin — Thu, 19 Nov 2009 17:14:27 +0000

Organisations realize that to succeed in today’s competitive market it’s necessary to sustain and maintain a good reputation both online and offline. Reputation Media A good reputation builds confidence and grows sales ; which ultimately leads to better money and higher profits. A good reputation is also a good entry barrier to most rivals. In today’s Internet era erroneous & malignant gossip, rumors, bigoted views and other bad news can spread fast- globally! Negative stories can easily compound issues and if not tackled in a timely manner, the damage can be irrevocable. Thanks to the increasing popularity of buyer generated media sites ( blogs, forum, message boards ) general public can quickly receive the most recent news and express their perspectives which could make or break a brand. For example, web shopping sites have benefited by publishing real purchaser feedback and product ratings to lift sales and build trust. Similarly, staff, and brand evangelists can easily leverage their private expertise to enrich online reputation management by beginning helpful debate threads and enrolling support of the net community to any new product/service launch They can then use the same media to determine buyer feedback to effect changes as desired by the overwhelming majority of users. Online reputation management can also effectively used to correct any brand damage due to some unforeseen events. Online Reputation Management Online reputation management uses integrated promoting approach leveraging branding, PR and effective search engine promoting. The target of web based Reputation Management is to build goodwill while guaranteeing higher rankings & indexing in top search engines for all high concern web assets like corporate sites and product/service blogs / microsites / destination pages. Forums, Blogs, Opinion Sites, discussion boards Social Network Sites Consumer Complaint Sites Counter-intelligence Counterfeit Products Crisis Management Developments that leads to top spots in search engine rankings for brand ( s ). Successful online reputation management wants persistence as it is you may not succeed initially and you could need to try, and try again! Reputation management requires non-stop monitoring and taking well planned and coordinated action with a dogged determination to succeed. Online Reputation Feeds Search Engine selling As an element of continuing online reputation management, the search engine plan calls for regular monitoring of : Organic positions pay per click tracking of your branded terms images of top 10 search engine results stories of your brand/activities stories about competitors’ brands Consumer generated media activity ( blog/forum/social networking site posts ) Successful online reputation management technique also needs immediate or fast reply to capitalise on emerging issues and prospects. * Do take the high ground * Be truthful! * Offer to solve beefs using a senior-level staff member and if necessary continue dialogue offline too * Rally clients, pros, opinion leaders, friends, peers and utilise all your allies/partners * Never create new’personas’ to support your position in web posts as you may be easily caught and create undue embarrassment for yourself/corporate.

News Paper Reading Habit Among the Professional College Staff Members for Various Points of View: a Survey

admin — Wed, 11 Nov 2009 13:22:19 +0000

INTRODUCTION
Newspapers have collected information from all directions. That helps improve reading habits, knowledge and skills of current knowledge of the world. Most people want. Reading is an activity that is fun and enlightening. You can help us to further understanding and successfully. However, it is an activity that takes a lot of people a lot. According to the 1999 National Household Survey of Education, 50% of U.S. population over 25 read a newspaper at least once a week, read one or more magazines regularly, and had a book read in the last 6 months. What does this mean? This means that 50% of the population does not read a book in the last six months! And most people read newspapers for various purposes, it is clearly defined in this Article. So now one day the newspaper reading habits, important that all employees, because there is more information available and identify the latest developments in their discipline or field.
Literature Review
Begum and Ramesh (1991) investigated the use of factors that inhibit the public library, a case study of the central library of the city of Mysore. This use of the article "factors that inhibit the public library," analyzed responses from users of the central library of the city of Mysore, India collected. Valued at the interest in reading of the key factors is dangerous to use the city library, the availability of reading materials and improvements needed for users to existing conditions of the city's central library. , Mysore.
Somsong (1999), promotion of reading habits at libraries in the ASEAN. This document describes the various activities that were committed to the ASEAN libraries promote reading awareness among their people as well. First, reading habits, the limiting factors in ASEAN Libraries have been mentioned. Second, the roles of local institutes or organizations to help give thanks to the implementation of the libraries is to promote reading habit. Finally, some suggestions for effective methods and successful programs are collected by the promotion of reading habits of library of ASEAN
Bndaka (2007) examined the reading of newspaper articles about the skills of students in high school, which is the objective of this work is a lesson that was originally developed for students Peiramatiko Senior High School (Experimental Senior High School) , which is currently developing Patras, Greece, and particularly for Class A Senior High School. The main goal of education is to develop the reading skills of students with a newspaper article and gain confidence in students, help them if faced with authentic texts. The planning of education in the belief that students read as much as possible authentic texts, so they are given the opportunity of real language, not only encounter the natural language of pounds should be based on suspension
RESEARCH DESIGN
This issue is related to the content and the importance of studying business in relation to the objectives and process of analysis of the formation of the hypothesis. It also explains the study methodology in terms of sampling on the agenda of the interview, data sources, methods of data analysis and the limitation of the study.
Objectives
The main objective of this study is to analyze the news paper reading habit among the professional staff from different angles: a survey. Below are the following objectives:
1. To study the socio-economic conditions of the employees of the vocational school.
2. The news reading habits among the study communities of professional staff.
3. Letter from the Professional Staff College read the paper for different purposes
4. Tips for effective reading newspapers in the professional Human Resources Community College.
Methodology
To achieve the objectives of the study, all data is necessary and, in return for data collection is a site selected to achieve the objectives of the study to collect data to choose the investigative role of news reading habits among the professional school employees from different perspectives: An overview
Data collection method
To collect data the researcher has developed an interview schedule for users and distributes them. The empirical research design and sampling technique was used to select the sample. 110 questioners were distributed to the sample and 105 declined. Of the 105 samples taken by the professional staff at the College Einstein College of Engineering, Tirunelveli district, Tamil Nadu. 11 samples were from 24 samples were from teachers and assistants. Teacher. 39 samples were faculty members were 28 samples of non-teaching staff and 3 samples were from employees of other, community.
Data Analysis
The data obtained were entered in the main board and sub-tables have been created. Statistical tools such as the weighted average and percentage were used.
ANALYSIS
Social and economic context of employees
Table. 1
Distribution of professional staff, the community college for sex.
S. No Occupation Female Male Total
1 teacher 6
(54. 5)
5
(45. 5) 11
(10. 5)
2 Asst. Teachers 14
(58. 3) 10
(41. 7)
24
(22.
3 Head 31
(79. 5)
8
(20. 5) 39
(37. 1)
4 members of non-teaching staff 22
(78. 6)
6
(21. 4) 28
(26. 7)
Other 5 2
(66. 7)
1
(33. 3) 3
(2. 9)
A total of 75
(71. 4) 30
(28. 6) 105
(100)
Note: * Power Load
? ** Percentage of entries in parentheses indicate
The data in Table 1 shows the distribution of employees of the vocational school by gender. Of all respondents, 71 4 percent are men, followed by women (28. 6).
Of all the professional staff of more than 75 percent of male respondents are 79th in master (5) and non-teaching (78. 6) individuals and communities to see the answers more women are found in the teacher (45. 5) and Asst. Personal Communities professor (41. 7).
It is clear from the envelope more than 75 percent of male employees in teacher and teacher does not read the newspaper, then women.
Table. 2
Distribution of professional staff, the community college in their profession.
S. No Title Number of No Reply Reply
1 Professor 11 (10. 5) —
2 Asst. Professor 24 (22. —
3 (37 Head 39. 1) —
4 no academic staff 28 (26. 7) —
5 3 Other (2. 9) —
Total 105 (100) —
Note: * Power Load
? ** Percentage of entries in parentheses indicate
The data in Table 2 shows the distribution of staff according to their work as vocational schools. Of all respondents, most of the teachers surveyed (37. 1) and should not be followed by teachers (26. 7), Asst. Professor (22. 8), Professor (10. 5) and only a few respondents (2. 9) are the other employees
NEWS PAPER reading habits
Table. 3
Distribution of vocational school staff after the habit of reading newspapers.
S. No
Officials and Employees of the university habit of reading newspapers
Overall
Yes No
1 teacher 7
(63. 6) 4
(36. 4) 11
(10. 5)
2 Asst. . Professor 19
(79. 2) 5
(20. 24
(22.
3 Head 30
(76. 9) 9
(23. 1) 39
(37. 1)
4 members of non-teaching staff 26
(92. 2
(7. 2) 28
(26. 7)
Other 5 1
(33. 3) 2
(66. 7) 3
(2. 9)
Total 83
(79. 0) 22
(21. 0) 105
(100)
Note: * Power Load
? ** Percentage of entries in parentheses indicate
The data in Table 3 shows the distribution of employees of the vocational school in accordance with the habit of reading newspapers. Of all respondents as a whole, 79 0 per cent are in the habit of reading newspapers, and (21. 0) respondents did not have the habit of reading newspapers.
Of all the professional college majority of staff respondents from non-teaching staff are to be complied with in the habit of reading newspapers, Asst. Professor (79. 2), teacher (63. 6). More than other respondents (66. 2) do not have the habit of reading newspapers.
Table. 4
S. No response ratio
1 Daily 35 33. 3
2, two or three times a week 31 29. 5
3 Once a week 22 21. 0
4 Very rare 17 16. 2
5 Never 0 0. 0
Total 105 100
Distribution of professional staff, of course, the frequency of newspaper reading
Source: Calculated
The data in Table 4 shows the distribution of professional staff, of course, according to the frequency of newspaper readership. Among all respondents as a whole, 33 3 percent read the newspapers, followed by the town two or three times a week (29. 5), 16 once a week (21. 0), very rare (2 ) and none (0. 0) never read newspapers.
Table. 5
The sales staff of professional community college after reading habits of newspapers from different angles.
Professional Staff College for press reading different perspective
Overall
Main important political news items News Jobs
News Entertainment News
Professor 2
(28. 6) 2
(8. 6) 2
(28. 6) 1
(14. 2) 0
(0. 0) 7
(8. 4)
Asst. . Professor 5
(26. 3) 4
(21. 1) 0
(0. 0) 10
(52. 6) 0
(0. 0) 19
(22. 9)
Teachers 7
(23. 3) 2
(6. 7) 6
(20. 0) 15
(50. 0) 0
(0. 0) 30
(36. 1)
It is Professor 0
(0. 0) 0
(0. 0) 2
(7. 7) 16
(61. 5) 8
(30. 26
(31. 3)
Other 0
(0. 0) 0
(0. 0) 0
(0. 0) 0
(0. 0) 1
(10. 0) 1
(1. 3)
A total of 14
(16. 9) 8
(9. 6) 10
(12. 1) 42
(50. 6) 9
(10. 83
(100)
Note: * Power Load
? ** Percentage of entries in parentheses indicate
The data in Table 4 shows the distribution of employees of the vocational school to illuminate from different angles. Of all respondents as a whole, 50 from 6 percent read newspapers employment news, through the main headings (16. 9), Political News (12. 1), entertainment (10. and was followed by important news (9. 6).
In all categories of university staff, more than half of respondents were teachers (50. 0), Ass. Teachers (read 52. 6) and non-teaching staff, the role of community news for the employment news. Other employees of community entertainment news show. Only a few respondents, the teacher (28. 6) and Asst. Professor (26. 3) Reading the lines and important news in the papers.
RESULTS, suggestions and conclusions
Social and economic context of employees
The findings on the distribution of employees of the vocational school by gender, revealed the following facts. Employees of newspapers read by men than women.
NEWS VARIOUR reading habits ROLE AND PURPOSE
The findings on the distribution of employees of the vocational school, as the habit of reading newspapers revealed the following facts. Over 75 percent of the vocational school have a habit of reading newspapers. No more teachers of the municipalities have the habit of reading newsprint. Other staff members of the other not in the habit of reading newsprint.
The findings on the distribution of professional school employees in the frequency of reading newspapers revealed the following facts, most people read newspapers every day two or three times a week. Some people read newspapers once a week, and only very rarely.
The findings on the distribution of employees of the vocational school of newspaper reading habits seen from different angles, revealed the following facts. More than half of non-teaching employees, Asst. Professor and lecturer read the newspapers for the purpose of employment news. Other community staff entertainment news read the paper.
Restrictions:
Most employees who fully read the newspapers, but time is too short to read the newspaper.
Suggestions and recommendations.
To preserve and enhance reading news on paper habit among the professional staff of the university from different angles, the following suggestions may be helpful.
1. To encourage the habit of newsprint reading among other employees in the professional academic community.
2. The electronic journals are more help to read all information very short period.
3. The online newspaper can help you find the latest development in various fields, news, employment and other important news.
4. Now days people have to read newspapers from the vocational school to improve their skills knowledge.
5. Educational institutions should encourage and provide opportunities for professionals in the online university staff to read newspapers to improve their knowledge and skills.
6. Here are some tips and suggestions to strengthen the reading habits and find ways to put more time reading, always a book about a reading goal, a protocol that maintains a list, turn off the TV, listen, if you read 't, join a reading group or book club, join a reading group or book club, to build their own strategy and have read all that
CONCLUSION
In this study, researchers found that people read newspapers to males than females. Over 75 percent of the vocational school have a habit of reading newspapers. No more teachers of the municipalities have the habit of reading newsprint. Most people read the newspapers for jobs and entertainment news.
REFERENCES
BOOKS
Allen Harrell. T. New Methods for Social Science Research. New York: Praeger Publishers, 1978
Kothari, CP Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques. New Delhi: Wishwa Prakashan, 1990.
Kumaresan, C. and S. Swaminathan, S. triggered Sciences Library. Trichy: Rock City Publications, 2003
MAGAZINES
To use the Khaisar Begum Jahan and Ramesh, CP "factors that inhibit the public library: A case study of the central library of the city of Mysore. "Library Review. (1991): 332-350.
Bertot, John Carlo, McClure, Charles R. & Ryan, Joe statistic. "Performance Measures for Public Library Networked Services. "Library and Information Science Research. 23 (3) 2001:299-300
Bndaka, Eleni. "Using newspaper articles on developing reading skills of students in high school" for. The Reading Matrix 7 (1) (2007)
Somsong, Sangkaeo. "Promoting reading habits at libraries in the ASEAN. "Council and 65 IFLA General Conference, Bangkok, Thailand. 28August1999.
Yilmaz, Bulent. "The reading habits and library use for students whose first language is in Vienna, Austria, Turkey. "66thIFL Council and General Conference Jerusalem, Israel. (2000): 13-18.

Latest Hindi News

admin — Wed, 11 Nov 2009 13:21:59 +0000

www. 24dunia. com Hindi automatically aggregates news headlines from Indian and international newspapers and Internet resources. We want our readers to these Indian assets by our willingness to address the Hindi news sources, information channels broken our Site news payable immediately. We assist our Indian customers, which help us to improve our Indian regional news sections (Marathi, Gujarati, Bengali, Punjabi, Kannada, Tamil, Telugu) in a comparable manner. www. 24dunia. com offers news in various categories, such as key holders, Business, National News, International News, Sports News, Entertainment News, Health News. These categories are regularly updated news from various other news sources, and always the latest news. For a complete source of information. Here you will find the latest news from India and the world. Breaking news from India, the latest India news, Latest News, Daily News, top stories, news, business news, stock quotes, latest news, national news, sports, news, international news and news of Indian business. News page, you can also customize for you correctly formatted messages, and other sections. If you are interested in news from Bollywood and sports news of the agreement accordingly. Get the latest Entertainment News, Latest Bollywood News, Hollywood News, Bollywood celebrity gossip, Guy Ritchie, Latest Movie News, India Entertainment News, Music news, online news famous and much more. National News India, India Political News, Current News India, Indian News, Breaking News, Indian Politics News, Daily News India, India news headlines, political news, Indian political news, Latest India News, Latest News of India, Latest News from India, all Updas www avilabel. 24dunia. com. Here you will find news Hindi, Tamil News, Marathi News, Telugu News, News Malayalam, Kannada news, news, Punjabi, Gujarati News, Bangla News, Latest News

How To Create Your Social Media Profiles

admin — Wed, 11 Nov 2009 13:21:33 +0000

Social Media Basics
Every online business just needs to get through traffic, even if the services and goods that sell well. A good looking and easy to navigate the site does not help a company succeed if no one visits. There are many other ways to promote your business, but its importance to communicate with Web users, only your Internet browser must be a product or service on your site. Most surfers use of social media sites, thanks to the fact that they give many options, multimedia and communication functions. These features make it easy to share information. It is easy for people in targeted areas by dragging the following tips.
Complete your profile (s) before
All social media sites have control panels. These panels may fill the users in different areas, so that visitors gain a better understanding of what they are working. In these websites, Blanks is honest. These areas include personal data, personal interests and various websites. With a website box, you can turn in place and their interests. Interest may be in keywords that can be changed to increase their coverage. For each site of the mass media, simply fill in this information only once. After entering your basic information on social media Web site, you can concentrate on reviewing and updating your profile with time due to rolling.
With multimedia features in some of these websites you can download videos and audio, and the use of text and pictures, the seasoning of a profile and a growing interest in you and your company. If you use other sites that are connected to their products and services, can use their resources to add banners, videos and other graphics to your profile. Be sure to add these resources, but make it easy, because it is easy to navigate a site rich.
Come and play a role in the groups in social media.
The biggest social media sites are formed groups of users, hundreds, maybe thousands of people in themselves. Each group is the category and specific topic. Simply join a category that fits your market or interest for the traffic to help. Do not overdo it on his car, turned, like a spammer, because people hate spam and advertising that could be closed the account.
Let's say you followed the instructions in everything we do is the traffic of your website to raise the profile of
Create a link to your network profile.
The media not only increases web site traffic, but increase their conversion. Through interaction and personalization of the medium. Using buttons in profile, share resources, and widgets through the network can offer visitors to interact with you just offered. If these people can be educated and entertained, which will help boost sales.
Social media marketing can dramatically increase your web reputation, if your company starts first.
Social Media Marketing also helps with the dominant search engine in the local market. To find more information on how to find social media marketing is the.
.

News-seeking Patterns of Academicians & Administrators of AIOU

admin — Wed, 04 Nov 2009 13:20:56 +0000

NEWS SEARCH patterns and scholar Robert Seitz OPEN UNIVERSITYBY Tariq Malik MALIK INTRODUCTIONMedia play an important role in the lives of people around the world in our global age. Print media source is more valuable and reliable information in Pakistan. In Pakistan, readers of newspapers is higher. Researchers of this study is interested in studying the patterns of communications, both of municipalities seeking academics and i. 'and administrators in the areas of national and international affairs, politics, education, economics, health, sports, etc. is not read the whole newspaper, but he or she is receiving messages that interested you and update their knowledge and information, see through their areas of interest. Some of you only read the political news, you can go across the economy, too, because they want to invest their money and are aware that a country interested in the political and economic situation. Economic and political situation itself is a motivating factor for investment. Some readers of others only receive information on education and health. NEWS CONCEPTMan without a newspaper, but there is no news papers. News is an integral part of life. Definition of the news is not an easy task. News is a simple word easily understood by those who deal with it. In a way, is one of the most complex words in our vocabulary, as it lies in the variety of limits. While most definitions are now more news is certainly more than the definition in Webster's, "is a report on recent events" family ", the new information about something that happened recently." Today, recent developments and events, particularly those that are unusual or remarkable. According to Microsoft Encarta Dictionary, "a report on a recent event" or "status" and that the report of events in a newspaper or information on current events in newspapers or media will be called by the printed messages. Accordingly, under this definition is what is happening and news, what people feel, think, say and do. How is that messages carry information, especially from the published reports on the activities of people who are interested in, or entertain the audience. News INFACT is a communication between people. From the earliest days of human civilization, when men began to exchange ideas, information or ideas began to emerge from one person to another. With the organization and development of society, the transfer of ideas and information have also increased and the process was more precise and scientific. IMPORTANCE OF NoticiasNoticias to define its importance to inform the public about the world around them becomes available. This information is important because it is equipped with the latest information about a problem, the public is capable of deciding its action. News is the accurate, timely reporting, to the point of an event. It is not the event itself, but the description of the event by a reporter. The importance of the message has grown rapidly. It is the newspaper, where the message in detail, and can be maintained and preserved for all time. Today the press has a social tool, whether you like it or not. As a social instrument, the newspaper is constantly taking place in thousands of homes and thus indirectly affects all family members. Posted PRINT MEDIA newspaper, published a regulation on a daily or weekly basis, the main function, the press release. Many newspapers provide specific information to readers, such as weather, television schedules and listings of stock prices. They provide commentary on politics, economics, art and culture, and sometimes entertainment features such as comics and crossword puzzles. In almost all cases and in different degrees, depending on advertising in the newspapers of their income. Since the distribution of media in Pakistan, people also enjoy the urban and rural culture. Pakistan is very evident in national newspapers have their monopoly. Print media source is more valuable and reliable information in Pakistan, compared with television, which is in a strict government control. The reason for this could be cheaper to buy a newspaper to a TV in the house have done, and secondly, people can see more news like comparing television bulletin. A newspaper is expected to perform four functions in a democratic society. ? It involves collecting and disseminating objective, news of the day. ? You must interpret and explain the news in order to assist the reader in forming intelligent opinions. ? It is necessary to guide public opinion in a fair presentation of both sides of every issue and point the way for the greatest good for the greatest number. So, essentially, a newspaper is an organ of society to public welfare. ? It was the duty of entertaining the public. However, there is another aspect of the image will be ignored is also important. A newspaper is a commercial benefit, of course. The fact that this is a way that is an acceptable form of raw materials for a large number of people who might be sufficient for their subsistence. Therefore, a journal to survive, must find a balance between his position as an organ of society and as a commercial enterprise. HISTORY NEWSPAPERLike improves all other areas of human resources, newspapers had a systematic approach, slow but steady growth. Mehdi Hassan and Dr. Abdus Salam wrote in his book "Journalism for All" (1988, p. 67-80). According to Mehdi and Salam Home News in 60 BC was launched, the history of the modern press is closely related to the invention of printing and the press. After P. Natarjan, the art of negative relief impression in China for ? 594 AD and from there spread along the routes Carav west, where the replica of Noggin was quite common. In 1768, William Bolts was deported from Calcutta to Madras chroot to Europe because he dared to establish a printing press in Calcutta. James Augustus Hicky, in any case the owner of the Bengal Gazette or Calcutta General Advertiser, the first Indian newspaper was published. The first edition was published on Saturday 29 January 1780, is presented as a weekly political and commercial paper available to all parties but influenced by none "," A lot of pages devoted to advertising. It was a two sheets of paper, about 12 cm by 8 cm, printed in three columns on both sides. Warren Hastings, in which the pioneer journalist of Indo-Pakistan subcontinent some success, which was finally crushed. However, in recent years, the paper's quality to survive, in other circumstances could significantly improve both content wise and appearance. Urdu newspapers especially a complete change and now is comparable to a document issued. It was a printed newsletter, name used for several processes by which words, images or designs reproduced in paper, textile, metal or other suitable material. These processes, which are sometimes graphic and industry, in essence, making numerous identical reproductions of the originals by mechanical means, and the printed book has been named the first mass production. Before the invention of printing, people news spread by word of mouth, written letters, or notices. As more people learned to read and write, got the news for safety. Newspaper editors read read estimate that almost six in ten adults in the United States and Canada, a daily newspaper, and seven out of ten newspapers every weekend. At the moment they see the newspaper, most people already know about the news on television or radio. The daily readers are based on background information and a detailed analysis on television and radio news programs rarely make offers. Newspaper readers not only to inform, understand that an event has occurred, but also the readers, leading to the event and how they affect the world around them. Newspapers can roots handwritten bulletins published daily in public squares of ancient Rome. The first printed newspapers appeared in China during the Tang Dynasty (618-907). These documents were printed with carved wooden blocks. Precursors of modern newspapers first appeared in Venice, Italy, in the middle of the 14th century. Newspaper known as today, with a mix of advertising and political news, economic and social and commentary appeared in Britain in the mid 18th century. In modern times, newspapers have a similar structure and function in the world. The world press has its origin in British newspapers of the 18th century. Although threatened by censorship will continue in the coming years, during and after the world wars, leading the world in the tradition of press freedom of the press, founded the first in London. Press and light on the emergence of a newspaper article about his place in placement, the degree and duration. In summary we can say that newspapers and mass communication, a process is transferred through the social reality. Newspapers published a regulation on a daily or weekly basis given that the main task is to inform. Many newspapers also provide specific information to readers, such as weather, television schedules and listings of stock prices. They provide commentary on politics, economics, art and culture, and sometimes entertainment features such as comics and crossword puzzles. In almost all cases and in different degrees, depending on advertising in the newspapers of their income. History of newspapers subcontinent as all other fields of human betterment, newspapers had a systematic approach, slow but steady growth. A brief history of the press, and that began in antiquity can help us understand the dimensions of growth. The history of the modern press is closely related to the invention of printing and the press. The Institute for newsletters until much later. Dr. Abdus Salam Khurshid pioneering work on "Newsletters in the Orient" sheds light on the origin of the newsletters in the sub-continent. It Ghaznavids Muslim rulers, who have said that the system in India by the end of the 10th Century introduced. The newsletters that have played the biggest role in the response to this search for messages and forms of public opinion before the printed newspaper became a reality. Bengal, part of which is now Bangladesh, was the forerunner of modern journalism across the continent. It was made in Bengal, the first newspapers in India are glances and then the seeds of awakening are the length and breadth of the rest of the country to the spread, starting of course with some pockets of the British colonies such as Madras and Bombay. As modern newspapers in India had its origin in the needs of the small but growing European colonies scattered throughout the capitals of the municipalities in the Chair. Journalism in those days there was a profession, for decent people. The Government of Bengal in the context of society in general, looked after the publication of a newspaper itself, so that may include "the existence of inertia and the needy, put out of some European ventures, which considered unfit to be completed in a proven method of subsistence. " This is U. S. Clay, the editor of the Madras Mail, "which he" explained to the entry of the good society, because the secretary of the Supreme Court. "In 1768, William Bolts was deported from Calcutta to Madras rooted in Europe, because he dared to establish a printing press in Calcutta. In 1780, James Augustus Hicky's political and commercial paper weekly open to all parties, but the influence of none, "Bengal Gazette or the Gazette Hicky, as it was popular and well known, the transfer was denied by the post and, after a historic battle with Warren Hastings, in which the pioneer journalist of Indo-Pakistan subcontinent had some success, and was eventually cursed. William Duan Journal of Bengal, was expelled from India, went to America and established himself as a journalist. Almost from birth, which absorbs all the interest of the Indian press was politics. James Augustus Hickey's Bengal Gazette began 1780, began about eighty years after the first newspaper was published in England. Even before the Indian writers used their pens to fight for the freedom of his homeland, was a politician of the censorship of the media and soon one kind or another has been applied, although the people he beat was a of the dominant race. Editor in Madras and Bombay were accompanied by their predecessors in Calcutta, problems with authority, which then was, of course, the company is very jealous of their position, and very intolerant of criticisms, which were regarded as foreigners. James Augustus Hickey in any case the owner of Bengal Gazette or Calcutta General Advertiser, the first Indian newspaper was published. The first edition was published on Saturday 29 January 1780, billed as a weekly and commercial, open to all parties, but no success, "many of its pages are devoted to it was two sheets of paper, approximately 12 inches by 8 inches, with three columns on both sides printed. Being the second newspaper in the Indo-Pakistan subcontinent began "The Gazette, or Calcutta, India Public Advertiser, published in the 18th Century. This was initiated by P. Ramos and Mr. B. Messink in November 1780 to life. The contents of the press in the 18th century show the influence of James Augustus Hickey. Foreign news, parliamentary debates in England, extracts from English newspapers, social news, letters to the editor and poet, most corners of the reading material furnished. It launched the second phase of Indian journalism, when the Serampore Baptist missionaries, a Dutch settlement, with a monthly magazine in Bengali, the first of its kind to be launched native language literacy. "The Friend of India", a monthly magazine was launched by the Serampore missionaries in April 1818 to life. The first Indian owned newspapers was not until the beginning of the 19th century. These papers were undertaken to counter the influence of English and the local missionary. Significantly, therefore, the first newspaper that was to come, was neither in the language of the area where they originated, namely the Bengal, or in the language that is still deeply rooted in the earth and the courts and official contacts, Persian. It is in English. Within a year a few, many other local newspapers were in possession of the scene. It was the first newspaper in Urdu in the subcontinent "Jam-i-Jahan Numa, was published in 1822. Bengal claims of rare distinction, the house of the first Hindi daily as well, "Qodunt Martund in Calcutta in 1826 launched. Calcutta, the first of which was under British colonial rule of the three colonies of two other English Madras and Bombay – remains the most important and main press center during the 19th century drop. 1. 7 Growth PRESS Muslims SUBCONTINENT The pace of political turmoil was created by the Muslim press in particular, in 1919, accelerating the new traditions of the victims. The zamindar was launched in December 1919 its circulation was 6145 in 1920. Another was "Paigham" by Abdul Kalam Azad from Calcutta in 1921 and "Sabah" by Qazi Abdul Ghaffar Delhi. In these papers have also contributed to the success of non-cooperation movement. In 1922 the law was withdrawn through the press after the conclusion of the motion under the directive of Mahatma Gandhi. The pro-Muslim League press during 1924 – 1937 is released from the "Outlook Muslims" cause and "Inqilab" whose leadership was accepted by the Muslim newspapers across the continent. During 1938 – 1947 Muslim press has been quick. A number of English-language newspapers jumped on the Urdu press had to innovate. Along with old newspapers, she said that Muslim political goals, even more strongly and played an important role in mobilizing public opinion in support of the Pakistan movement. Following the adoption of the Lahore Resolution, under the auspices of Quaid-i-Azam "Create Campaign Muslims" and raised money for this purpose. He founded the "Aurora" in October 1942 as a day of Delhi and "put into a trust that is the administrator of management. Quaid-i-Azam also started "Manshoor and Urdu daily of Delhi, the official organ of the Al-India Muslim League was. The mood was light and day are processed by Syed Riaz Hassan. HISTORY OF PAKISTAN Journalism NEWSPAPERSWhen crossed the borders of Pakistan, has had considerable progress can both intellectually and technically. Lahore, had the distinction of role is not only the oldest in Punjab, but across Pakistan. It is ironic to note that there is no dedicated and influential press, which says in the Indo-Pakistan subcontinent, Muslim opinion in the days of the struggle for independence. Most English class everyday applications like The Statesman, The Times of India, the pioneer, the Hindu, The Bombay Chronicle and The Hindustan Times, to appear in the province, now also in India. In Pakistan, most Karachi could boast of three English newspapers. The Official Journal, El Observador, Sindh and Karachi Gazette Property Hindu. Peshawar, there was only one English newspaper, Khyber Mail, while Rawalpindi, Multan, Quetta, Sialkot and other major cities had none. In the Punjab, were in the days prior to partition, "the Gazette civilians and military" and "La Tribune", the famous English newspapers every day. As mentioned above, are the areas that now Pakistan has never been the center of the famous English daily newspapers. The reason could be due to political and educational backwardness of the majority of the Muslim population in these regions. The Muslim League could not expect any positive contribution to their state of these documents. The founder of Pakistan Quaid-i-Azam University, said: "The role of paper in the voicing and the formation of public opinion should not be exaggerated." The media has an important role not only in the creation of Pakistan by stacking and with the expression of Muslim public opinion in support of the idea of Pakistan but also played in the development of the new state. OBJECTIVESThis study aims to investigate the following: ? Go to News survey of academics and administrators in search of patterns AIOU readers regarding the selected aspect, namely, sex, age and qualification. ? The News-examine search patterns of academics and administrators AIOU readers regarding the selected aspect of reading that is chosen through the press and newspaper time. ? To determine differences in search patterns of news between Academy members and administrators AIOU readers in relation to specific aspects, namely, to read newspapers, newspaper reading, ie for the survey only on current information, job search, entertainment, killing time, etc.? To determine differences in search patterns of news between academics and administrators from readers AIOU on selectedg aspects, namely national and international affairs, education, politics, industry news, articles and editorials, etc. This study HYPOTHESISIn The hypothesis is that? The academics are more interested in the messages of international affairs and national articles, editorials standing, news on the political and educational development in context. ? Managers are more interested in the field of national affairs, city news, political, job search, sports, killing time, research, etc. are the different patterns QUESTIONWhat News Search academics and administrators Open University Allama Iqbal? IMPORTANCE STUDYThe researchers should examine and analyze the news search patterns for the two groups, academia, ie, administrators and communities. The researchers also discuss the possible impact of print media ie newspaper noted. The indication of such effects should be part of the hypothesis that the binding elements or concepts in the different phases. News is a form of communication. The time now is rightly seen as "age of information, observation and reflection revolution. (Pavlik, J. V., 1996). This revolution began with the desire for big events is done by writing or remembering them. With a few scratches, our ingenious ancestors launch the infinite history of the recording of information, communication and storage of information outside the brain. The information, observation and reasoning are the main sources of human knowledge. Over ninety percent of our knowledge comes from the first source, ie newspapers. LITERATURE REVIEWIt assumes that the information needs arise when a person is in a problem situation, if he or she can not manage the knowledge that he or she possesses, (Taljan 1992, p. 72). There are a lot of studies on media and mass communication to happen in the world, but few studies on "led the search patterns of news from around the world especially in Pakistan. This study is significant not only for the newspaper industry and readers, but also important for the educational perspective. This study will contribute to the press, media professionals, academics and managers from different disciplines and planners print media. We, as individuals and groups, "again and again we find ourselves in situations where they are needed, collected, requested, organized, accessed, processed and analyzed using" (Solomon, 1996, p. 292). Read the newspaper is part of the daily routine for many consumers. A printed version of a tactile pleasure of turning pages and portability of newspapers stuffed in a suitcase or backpack for later retrieval or break it by putting on the breakfast table or enjoy someone else. Newspapers published a regulation on a daily or weekly basis given that the main task is to inform. Many newspapers also provide specific information to readers, such as weather, television schedules and listings of stock prices. They provide commentary on politics, economics, art and culture, and sometimes entertainment features such as comics and crossword puzzles. In almost all cases and in different degrees, depending on advertising in the newspapers of their income. Information Close SEEKINGThe research of leading researchers, this research is below: Suriya, Sangeetha and Nambi (2004) conducted a research on "information seeking behavior of faculty members of the Faculty of Arts District Government cuddly. "The aim of their work was to investigate how members of the authority to request information from the library. He mentioned that the majority of respondents 61 (38. Accessed 12 percent) of the library several times a week to meet their information needs. With regard to the nature of the search of respondents, the majority of respondents 91 (is 56. 87 percent) made their search topic. Shoko and Kushik (2002) studied the information seeking behavior of social scientists from universities in Haryana. It was reported that most social scientists to visit the library every day. The preferred method of seeking first the information required of social scientists in the search indexing and abstracting journals followed, and quotes from articles, respectively. Social use of current books, magazines followed. Challener (1999) investigated, artists and art historians of education in five liberal arts colleges and three universities. The results showed that information needed for the classroom. Participants subscribe to almost all the art magazines and many newspapers to read. They frequently visit the libraries, in general, rather than a library, and in contrast to previous reports, most are ready to ask the librarian. A large part of art historians and artists are using computers for teaching. All 27 participants, the slides used extensively in the classroom, in most cases, supplemented by textbooks. Reneke (1992) examined the information seeking activities of 31 members of the academic community of Stanford University were studied over a period of two weeks during the academic year 1990/91. She took the naturalistic approach and qualitative methods for collecting data with a first-person interviews. The informant perception of environmental information, expressed positive and there is a close relationship between knowledge, information, environment, and sources. Finding information integrated into everyday life and relationships of participants and launched both by the articulation of the need and availability of information. A large number of demand is created for the sources of the respondents were satisfied or will be organized through interpersonal sources of information. The study results showed that the application of information from a variety of conditions, such as who wrote personal, professional, looking for entertainment, etc. created Althaus and Tewksbury (2000) in his article "On-line News Search pattern of the first and second year college students ": Academic research continues to show that users are not representative of online news of the Rational Voter average. Althaus and Tewksbury study of online news search pattern of freshmen and sophomores, "reminds us that those in search of news and information online are qualitatively different from the general population. Not only have better access and use of information technology, and not Internet users also have different demographic profiles and attitudes of the general adult population. "Habits of news developed within this community is not an unequal distribution of social skills and access to a computer, but on individual needs that are more satisfied online or in traditional media." Daniela Lesley Evans (1978, p. 96 writing) in his article entitled "A critical review of claims relating to: the impact of printing," he said, "so that we, as a characteristic of the modern world, economic, social, religious, politically on the basis of the newspaper referred to a media construct. From the sixteenth century, it was impossible to obtain for the richness and influence of either illiterate, and this has been largely due to the invention of printing as a means of communication in the fifteenth century. This had far-reaching consequences, so that a large number of copies of a work that was done quickly. The continuous availability of information allows for better scientific advances, as it meant that the ideas of others more readily available. The development of printing was promoted religious reform, as it was an important factor in achieving later in the writings of Erasmus, Luther and Calvin, a high level of traffic. Febvre und Martin (1976, S. 278) Es ist sicher anzunehmen, dass der Druck Wissen f?r alle zug?nglich macht, obwohl es muss mit den notwendigen kulturellen und politischen Bedingungen machen Lese-Pflicht f?r alle begleitet werden. Allerdings bedeutet dies nicht zwangsl?ufig zu einer Gesellschaft, die viel mehr ist als eine, die m?ndliche Kommunikation als Grundlage verwendet auskennen. In einer nicht-literarischen Gesellschaft, in der Informationen m?ndlich, zu den Informationen ist es notwendig, die gesamte Gesellschaft zu vermeiden vermeiden. Der einzig m?gliche Weg durch das Leben eine v?llig einsames Leben, im Gegensatz, Lesen und Schreiben sind ?berwiegend still und einsam Aktivit?ten. Folglich ist in eine literarische Gesellschaft, die Informationen leicht zu vermeiden, indem Sie sie einfach nicht zu lesen, was verf?gbar ist. USES und Gratifikationen MODELL DER MEDIAThe Massenmedien ist ein riesiges Ph?nomen. Durch die verschiedenen Plattformen, drucken oder in den Medien, die Medien in der Lage, Millionen von Menschen wie keine andere Kraft zu erreichen. Ohne Medien w?rde, leistungsstarke Reden von Politikern nicht zu beeintr?chtigen, lokale Ereignisse bleiben lokalen und Performances von gro?en Akteuren w?rde nur durch die Menschen in der unmittelbaren Publikum gesehen werden. Die Medien ?berwindet Distanzen, und baut eine direkte Beziehung zum Publikum. Das Modell sieht Motive der Menschen, die Medien zu verwenden, zu fragen, warum wir die M?he, Zeitungen zu lesen, warum wir uns so gezwungen, auf dem Laufenden halten mit unserer Lieblings-Seife. SurveillanceThe ?berwachung m?ssen rund um die Idee, dass die Menschen f?hlen sich besser mit dem Gef?hl, dass sie wissen, was in der Welt um sie herum auf. Einer der Genres, das oft Nachrichten angewendet. Durch das Beobachten oder das Lesen von Nachrichten, erfahren wir, was in der Welt, und die Nachricht wird in der Regel eine schlechte Nachricht, l?sst dieses Wissen uns Gef?hl mehr Sorge um die Sicherheit des eigenen Lebens. Diese Idee mag ein wenig seltsam, dass wir wissen, Trag?dien und wir f?hlen uns sicherer, sondern auch Soziologen, dass die Unkenntnis als eine Quelle der Gefahr gesehen, zu argumentieren und so die mehr Wissen haben wir die sicherer wir uns f?hlen. Wenn Sie sich den Nachrichten ist es einfach, Nachrichten vor Ort, die uns diese Reaktion. Zum Beispiel, wenn es nicht zum Anschauen der Nachricht, die wir vielleicht unwissentlich mit f?nf Rupien stellt fest, dass wertlos sind, oder werden anf?llig f?r die neuesten Computer-Viren oder am Ende in einem Krankenhaus mit einem schrecklichen Bilanz ?berlassen werden auch wir nicht das Wissen ?ber neuen Weltrekord im Cricket, die vom s?dafrikanischen Cricket-Mannschaft gegen die besten Teams der Welt gesetzt i. e. Australien. Also, die ?berwachung Modelle dann alles ?ber das Bewusstsein. Wir nutzen die Medien zu mehr Bewusstsein f?r die Welt, erfreulich, ein Verlangen nach Wissen und Sicherheit. Mit dem Media in RelationshipsAnother Aspekte, die die pers?nlichen Beziehungen Modell ist, wie wir manchmal die Medien nutzen kann als Sprungbrett zu bilden und bauen auf Beziehungen mit echten Menschen. Die EastEnders Slogan "Alle reden dar?ber, obwohl es ein cleverer Marketing-Taktik, nicht halten, wenn man gesellschaftliche Zwecke der Medien. Nachdem ein Lieblings-TV-Programm in gemeinsamen oft der Beginn eines Gespr?chs, und k?nnen sogar im Gespr?ch mit Fremden, die sehr viel einfacher. Die Vorteile und Grenzen der MediaTexts brauchen Publikum, um ihr Potenzial f?r die Sinne zu realisieren. So ein Text nicht eine einzige Bedeutung, sondern vielmehr eine Reihe von M?glichkeiten, die sowohl vom Text und von ihrem Publikum definiert sind. Die Bedeutung ist nicht im Text, sondern in der Lesung. (Hart 1991, 60) Andrew Hart, many other theorists and researchers who identify and give value to the existence of audience in relation to the media. At the most basic level, audiences are vital in communication. It is for the audience that media constructing and conveying information, and, if it were not for the audiences, the media would not exist. The exact relationship between the media and their audiences has been the subject of debate since media were first seriously studied and emphasises the importance of audience and of their relationship with the media. The Effects model is considered to be an inadequate representation of the communication between media and public, as it does not take into account the audience as individuals with their own beliefs, opinions, ideals and attitudes:?Audiences are not blank sheets of paper on which media messages can be written; members of an audience will have prior attitudes and beliefs which will determine how effective media messages are. (Abercrombie 1996, 140)?A new approach to the dynamics of audience/text relationship was suggested in the Uses and Gratification model. In this model, theorists were not asking how the media effects audiences, but how were audiences using media. They suggested that audiences had specific needs and actively turned to the media to consume various texts to satisfaction of these needs. The audience in Uses and Gratifications were seen as active, as opposed to passive audience in the Effects model. Uses and Gratifications acknowledged that audience had a choice of texts from which to choose form and satisfy their needs, Bulmer and Katz (1974). The model still implies that messages are packages of information that all audience will read same. It does not consider how he messages are interpreted or any other factors affecting audience?s interpretation. ?Another criticism is that of the tendency to concentrate solely on why audiences consume media rather than extending investigation to discover what meanings and interpretations are produced and in what circumstances, i. e. how media are received. (O?Sullivan, Dutton &amp; Rayner 1994, 131)?In other words, media receivers want to use information in some way or to obtain satisfactions that they anticipate (Lowery &amp; DeFleur, 1995). A number of studies on audience?s uses and gratification of various media (Berelson, 1949; Kimball, 1959, etc), early 1970s scholars in this area turned to audience motivations, developing typologies of uses people made of media to gratify social and psychological needs (Katz et al. 1973). Such typologies included such needs as strengthening understanding of self, friends, others, or society; strengthening status of self or society; and strengthening contact with family, friends, society, or culture (Lowery &amp; DeFleur, 1995). It's likely has been found in the uses-and-gratification research from the West, that an individual uses media for different purposes at different times under different circumstances; and different people may seek different gratifications from media. A question for researchers is how to meaningfully and effectively categorize (typologies) those different needs and objectives. According to Chang, Chen and Zhang study in (1993): Early studies of Chinese media focused on propagandistic and persuasive aspects of mass communication. Since mid-1880s, various social factions have used newspapers mainly as tools in their political struggles. The Chinese communists have always recognized value of mass media (Robinson, 1981). For example, the government has emphasized use of mass media for China's social, political, and economic development (Yu &amp; Sears, 1996). As a powerful tool of opinion and perceptions, news media are supposed to unite the people, to elevate their consciousness and spirit. ROLE OF PRINT MEDIATo keep abreast of what's happening in the world around us we need information. Without information we won't know a threat exists until it is too late. But just being offered information is not enough. We also need to be willing to take that information on board while there is still time to avoid threat. Public information will be just one of many issues officials will have to address, and media are often perceived as being a nuisance or hindrance to response activities. However, it is essential that communicating with media is made a priority in any response planning because the media will be among first responders at the scene and will be a vital information mechanism for government bodies. The media will therefore share a significant amount of responsibility for relaying vital information to public. Although newspapers makes knowledge more accessible to all, and has had dramatic effects on our culture and society, it does not necessarily follow that a literate society is greatly more knowledgeable than a non-literate one. NEWSPAPERS READERSHIP IN PAKISTANNewspaper publishers estimate that nearly six out of ten adults every day, and seven out of ten read a newspaper each weekend. By the time they seen; mostly people have already learned about breaking news stories on television or radio. Readers rely on newspapers to provide detailed background information and analysis, which television and radio newscasts rarely offer. Newspapers not only inform readers that an event happened but also help readers to understand what led up to the event and how it will affect on the world around them. Media scholar Philip J. Hanes (1996) wrote his article entitled ?The Advantages and Limitations Focus on Audience in Media Studies?:?Audiences are not blank sheets of paper on which media messages can be written; members of an audience will have prior attitudes and beliefs which will determine how effective media messages are?. (P. 140)Veblen, (1994) wrote in his article entitled ?Newspaper Readership and Informational/Cultural Processing?: Newspaper readership is an instance of cultural participation in regard to which information-processing. Reading newspaper is more straightforward form of information processing than various other cultural activities and at the same time choice of newspaper could scarcely count as very effective kind of status-oriented `conspicuous consumption' on account both of relatively low price even expensive newspapers and of the fact that reading likely to take place in privacy of home as in public. Consequently, evidence of a connection between newspaper readership and status, independent of information-processing capacity, would, for our present purposes of particular significance. Most people read only one (daily) newspaper, at least on a regular basis. This means that we can here avoid complications that arise with forms of cultural participation, such as, say, listening to music, where there a wide variety of genres and an individual may have a range of preferences. As we noted above, such instances have of late given rise to debates over whether distinction of greatest relevance in regard to status is that between those participating in `high' as opposed to `low' (or popular) culture or that between cultural `omnivores' and `univores'. According to Pakistan Readership Report (2002-03) issued by Gallup survey of Pakistan, newspaper readership ratio among adults (18 years+) is only 33% and among youth (10-17years) is 21%. Province wise this ratio is: for Punjab 31%, For Sindh 49%, for N. W. F. P. 25%, and for Baluchistan 28%. Among youth (10-17years), this ration is: for Punjab 16%, for Sindh 34%, For N. W. F. P 16% and for Baluchistan 19%. Apparently the situation is, to some extent satisfactory for Sindh province but this is due to high rate of readership in Karachi, which is among adults 69% and among youth 44% . By excluding Karachi, the ratio remains very poor for interior Sindh. The table and graph elaborate the province-wise ratio of newspaper readership in Pakistan. Ratio of Newspaper Readership Province Among Adults(+18 Years) Among Youth(10 ? 17 Years)Punjab 31% 16%Sindh 49% (Karachi 69% &amp; Interior Sindh 29%) 34% (Karachi 44% &amp; Interior Sindh 24)N. W. F. P. 25% 16%Baluchistan 28% 19%Average 33 21Newspaper readership and buyer-ship are two different concepts. Every reader is not a buyer of newspapers. One newspaper read by a lot person at homes, offices, shops and libraries. According to Pakistan Readership Report 2002-03 of the Gallup Survey, in Punjab 10. 17 readers read one copy, while in Sindh this ratio is 5. 57, in N. W. F. P this ratio is 8. 47 and in Baluchistan this ratio is 13. 98. 9 Considering the economic peculiarities and rural character of the region, it is understandable that the number of readers per copy in Baluchistan is substantially higher than the national average of 7. 7 It is necessary to mention that after including the ratio of readership per copy in FATA/FANA and Azad Jammu and Kashmir, the national average of readers per copy is 7. 7. NEWS SEEKING PATTERNSIn general, the amount of news reading tends to increase with age, education, and administrative status. News reading increases very rapidly through the academicians and administrators. Summarizing reading patterns by education appears that readers on lower end of educational curve tend to use newspaper for entertainment, sensational news, and political. Newspaper readership often measured by quantifying a particular indicator of newspaper-reading activity, readership tends to be viewed far too simplistically. Qamar (2002, p. 18) said in his thesis of M. Sc. Mass Communication entitled ?The comparison of Different Newspaper Reading habits of Male &amp; Female?. His comparative study of different newspaper reading habits of men and women in Pakistan meant to find out that; to what extent newspaper reading habits differ from each other. The researcher wrote in his research study that women are interested in reading newspaper. It was found that 56 percent female readers read newspaper daily. The survey indicated that high percentage of women read newspaper although not more than men. It is found that men spend more time for reading newspaper per day than women, as 40 percent men read newspaper more than an hour, while there are no women spend more than an hour for reading newspapers. Men read newspaper more than women in terms of reading large volume of newspaper?s material. Men like to read hard news while women like to read soft news. According to Herald Media Survey (1997) in Scotland revealed in an article ?What they Read?? The survey showed that newspapers are still popular with young teenager in Scotland. More than three quarters of boys said they spent on average ten minutes a day for reading newspaper with sports page being the most popular only 13 percent of boys read the whole newspaper. Although girls spend slightly less time for reading newspaper, they are reading more widely. Media researchers Mehta and Paralikar (1999) investigated through conducting a study that news-seeking pattern of the selected media were studied in relation to spent time, news language, news area, kind of news and news aspects. The overall findings of their study revealed that majority of respondents described to two English newspapers, because those newspapers give complete news and have good coverage of events. Overall and sex wise newspaper used as medium for seeking news most frequently. The kinds of news sought through newspaper were political, social, health educational, etc. Highly significant differences existed in the news-seeking patterns of female respondents with respect to spent time for seeking news, kinds of news and news aspects. The kinds of news sought through this media with highest intensity indices were political, social, national and international current affairs, educational, sports, science, economics and business news. The other indices were headlines, detailed news, news briefs, articles, and editorials. The researcher conducted research on assessing the importance of news, to explore where news fits in daily life. James (2004, p. 3?4) Thus, we risk misunderstanding its true nature. As we become comfortable employing automatic processing with its focus on efficiency, we let our skills of meaning construction atrophy. With weaker skills, we come to depend more and more on the media to tell us what is important and who we should be. For centuries, getting access to information was a major problem for virtually all human. With rise of the mass media throughout the 20th century, the barriers to access were substantially reduced, especially with spread of Radio, Television and then Computer. Today, not only information easily available to almost anyone; information keeps getting produced at an ever increasing rate. The information problem is no longer about how to get access. The much more pressing problem is how to keep up with all the news-seeking patterns. PRACTICAL USAGE OF NEWSPAPER?S INFORMATIONAndersen says in his article entitled ?Communicating Information across Cultures: Understanding How Others Work? published on September 2002. There are specific communications differences between scientists and humanists that are created by their information-seeking patterns. An excellent example of academic?s cultural differences in the field of information seeking and uses, information-seeking research looks at how individuals go about finding materials that they need in order to satisfy informational needs both professional and recreational. In the ethnographic experience of an unfamiliar worship service, an individual might gather clues about standing-sitting-kneeling through watching others, through listening for directions from an authority, or through written materials available somewhere in the place of worship. The academicians of AIOU usually follow the patterns established by their peers, relying upon mentors in their fields to guide them in graduate school and early professional development. Differences of style come from both individual?his or her own personal traits, predispositions, and biases, and from training that he or she has received in a particular discipline. Thus, culture including ways of individuals seeks information passed on through apprenticeship and practice. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EDUCATION AND NEWSPAPERThe relationship between education and newspaper readership is far from simple. First, newspaper readership correlates positively with information seeking, including information about civic responsibilities, and need for cognition, the pursuit of higher level reasoning. A body of research correlates interest in information about political, public policy and social issues to news seeking. For example, a panel study by Hugh Culbertson and others found that focused attention, interest and involvement in political issues correlated positively with news seeking. The study found that attention either to newspapers or to television news content predicted provide knowledge. However, the study of newspaper readers were more cognitively involved than television viewers. Maxwell McCombs and Paula Poindexter found a positive correlation between the frequency of newspaper readership and perceived civic duty to keep informed. (Civic duty encompasses perceived obligation to vote and to support fundamental liberties, including free expression. ) Similarly, in a comparison study of nonreaders, single newspaper readers and multiple newspaper readers conducted by Wayne Wanta and others, nonreaders demonstrated particularly weak motivation to use newspapers to understand events or to known informed about civic affairs. One study found that highly educated are more tolerant of others' freedom of expression than less well-educated, regardless of whether the issue in question supported by left or right-wing groups. The same study found that increased cognitive sophistication was even more predictive of support for free expression than level of education alone. Other studies using cognitive variables such as need for cognition have produced similar findings. Rather than examine the possible multi-faceted link between education on free-expression issues and news seeking, research has tended to focus on differences among newspapers that may explain differences in civic knowledge among and between readers and nonreaders. For example, one study suggests that "not all newspapers are created equal. " The study measured differences in civic knowledge among readers of different types of newspapers and found that all newspapers may not benefit equally from increased interest in civic affairs among potential readers. Because readers tend to gather information about local affairs from local newspapers and information about national issues from metropolitan papers, the selection of news source was predictive type of civic affairs knowledge possessed by the reader. Therefore, desire for increased knowledge of national events would not be correlated with increased reading of local newspapers. However, research by Dan Drew and David Weaver found, to the contrary, that readers of local newspapers sought and were knowledgeable about both local and national civic affairs. FACULTY MEMBER AND NEWSPAPER READERSHIPTak Wing Chan &amp; John H. Goldthorpe (2004) writes their research article entitled ?Social Status of Faculty Member and Newspaper Readership?. They write an instance of cultural participation in regard to which the information-processing might be thought especially favoured news for newspaper readership. More straightforward form of information processing of newspaper reading than various other cultural activities and at the same time choice of newspaper could scarcely count as very effective kind of status-oriented `conspicuous consumption', on account both of relatively low price of even the most expensive newspapers and facts that reading at home to take place in privacy as compare in public. Consequently, evidence of a connection between faculty member and newspaper readership, independent of information-processing capacity, would be our present purposes of the study. Most people read only one (daily) newspaper, at least on regular basis. This means that we can here avoid complications that arise with forms of cultural participation, such as, say, listening to music, where there is wide variety of genres and an individual may have a range of preferences. However, we see how far the association between faculty member and readership?s status may be accounted by individuals' educational attainment serving as proxy for their information-processing capacity. Although all newspapers are available and read throughout UK, Scotland has it own broadsheets (Herald, Scotsman) and tabloids. Their readers are grouped with those who read other regional newspapers under Regional category, local and others. It may be noted that control variables do have some significant association with newspaper readership. The significant coefficients for sex, being generally positive, indication that women more liking than men to fall into other readership categories than broadsheet reader, while those for age, being generally negative, indicate that older persons are more liking than younger ones to read broadsheets than to fall into other categories. The coefficients for income cannot be so straightforwardly interpreted but, as anticipation, they are in-fact less often significant, and especially when education brought into analysis. Scots appear less likely than others to read broadsheets, but this is probably an artefact due to omission of Scottish broadsheets in the response categories. However, the effects of status and education are interesting variables of research study. Having demonstrated that there are strong and systematic association between faculty member?s status and newspaper readership, while status and class are clearly correlated in contemporary British society as status gradient runs, as it were, across the class structured status stratification within classes may still be quite extensive. Today, the cultural level of lifestyle is chief way in which status expressed and recognised, then, since newspapers generally regarded as being culturally stratified, the status of individuals should show a close relation to the type of newspaper that they read. The probability of individuals reading high-brow broadsheets rises with status, and at an increasing rate; the probability of their reading low-brow redtop tabloids falls with status in more or less linear fashion; and the probability of their reading middlebrow tabloids first increases with status and then decreases. We have, moreover, considered the possibility that more basic relationship exists between individuals' educational level, information-processing capacity, and their consequent preference for more or less demanding kinds of reading newspapers. We find that although education does indeed influence of newspaper readership and on lines that would be predicted under information-processing and education does not remove the effect. The association between faculty member and newspaper readership persists within different levels of education. The information-processing can be reckoned as at least more immediately involved in reading newspapers that in many other forms of cultural participation, while choice of newspaper is not the most obvious vehicle of conspicuous consumption. The cultural level of newspapers? readership does grooming their status within their community. ACADEMICIAN AND ADMINISTRATIVE USAGE OF NEWSPAPERSEveryone knows information is a form of power. Daily millions of peoples gain their knowledge of national and international affairs from the pages of newspapers all over the world. The Third World countries know this more than ever. That why they are calling for the establishment of new international information order and they feel this is just as urgent as the establishment of new international economic order. All medium of communication play a main role in the field of information, but the print media plays a key role in focusing public attention, and news patterns influence, public perception of important issues of the day. The academicians and administrators are main source of ideas about needy changes in the University structure and managements. Discretionary behaviour by academicians and administrators who deliver services characteristics of most studies by the implementation research. The modern newspaper plays several roles for its readers. From the analysis of intensive interviews, the researcher has attempted to construct a typology of such roles, or functions, of newspaper. Obviously the types enumerated here, while discrete, are not necessarily mutually exclusive for any one newspaper reader. Undoubtedly, different people read different parts of the newspaper for different reasons at different times. A group of readers seem to use newspaper because it enables them to appear informed in social gatherings, thus the newspaper has conversational value. Readers not only can learn what has happened and then report it to their associates but they can find opinions and interpretations for usage and discussions on current affairs with colleagues. The newspaper reader?s predispositions are involved in effects of reading in two ways. They condition the reader?s selection of publications and the condition of his interpretation of what he reads. Almost any phase of reader?s personality may be involved in reading experience. Their personal traits, subject interests, and reading ability may determine which accessible publications they would choose to read. The difference can be explained only by differences in predispositions which may be fundamental or merely a temporary mood. The same predispositions are often involved in both selection and interpretation of reading, but they need not to be. The reader may select their reading from one set of conditions and respond to it from a totally different set. Their methods of reading, which may range from a hasty skimming to close analysis, naturally affect both their response to publication and its effects on them. The more highly educated readers are attracted to more mature newspapers because their wider intellectual experiences enable them to share publishers? more mature attitudes in the life. As the central fact in most people?s lives, occupation has an important role in selection and interpretation of reading, its importance, of course, varies with their occupation. Occupational differences such as clearly revealed in many subject classifications of publications. Reader motivated by need for greater social security may seek to improve their status within their family or social class or may try to exchange their social class for another social class. News-seeking Patterns of AcademiciansAccording to previous researches of news reading habits academicians or University teachers are interested to read the news according to their professional status. They want to read news of national and international affairs, educational, economics, editorial and article. They want to update their knowledge because they deliver a lot of lectures in the different institutions and topics. Newspapers are most prominent media which are providing the current information to educationist according to their requirement. To produce well-informed citizens who can make their own judgements on the basis of available evidence. In so far as educationist deals with value judgements, it does so in the ways which encourage their students to explore the range of value judgements and to examine the sources of such judgements (including their own) and their effects. They seek to impose ideas on what constitutes ?good? or ?bad? through newspapers. News-seeking Patterns of AdministratorsThe administrators use a wide variety of sources, both informal and formal, to obtain the needed information as do their colleagues in other countries. However, in addition to giving preference to ?human sources, as was found by Campbell (1997), they place more emphasis on the ?press releases?. They seem to be more satisfied with the information that they receive from the sources that they prefer than those that they do not. It is interesting to note that these respondents are least satisfied with the print media. The information gathered by these respondents appears to be mainly used for getting job opportunities, personal knowledge, and less so for preparing personality profiles, editorials, and columns. This was expected because a limited amount of items mentioned in the later group are actually needed and are written by a limited number of individuals. There are some interesting usage patterns of administrators because administrative personality?s almost choose same news for reading like as academicians but some differences exist i. e. they give priority to; job hunting, sports politics, features and burning issues of the country. As compared to academicians administrators are spend a lot time regularly to read newspapers, might be have spare time for in-depth reading of newspapers. DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION In this chapter the researcher analyzed the data in response of respondents? awareness/knowledge, personal identification, and confirmation of their news-seeking patterns. The data on the ?News-seeking Patterns of academicians and administrators of AIOU? were collected through a questionnaire which was designed for this study with the help of supervisor. Primarily, cross-tabulation and correlation coefficient statistical procedure was applied to investigate exposure of newspapers? readership, their demography and news-seeking patterns? dimension; viz Reading English/Urdu language newspapers, purpose of reading newspapers, national and international current affairs, editorials and articles, economics, health and sport news, educational development news, information seeking on political news, and reading newspapers? supplements. Theoretical frame work for all the variables of this study was based on Uses and Gratification model. The data was analyzed with the help of SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 12. 0. Details of the data analysis are given below: Table 4. 1: Cross-tabulation of Profession?s Gender andAge of the respondentsProfession?s Gender and Age Age of the respondents Total30 to 40 41 to 45 46 to 50 51 &amp; above Academicians Gender of the respondents Male Count 22 15 1 10 48% Age 64. 7% 68. 2% 50. 0% 83. 3% 68. 6%Female Count 12 7 1 2 22% Age 35. 3% 31. 8% 50. 0% 16. 7% 31. 4%Total Count 34 22 2 12 70% Age 100. 0% 100. 0% 100. 0% 100. 0% 100. 0%Administrators Gender of the respondents Male Count 14 14 10 20 58% Age 73. 7% 77. 8% 83. 3% 95. 2% 82. 9%Female Count 5 4 2 1 12% Age 26. 3% 22. 2% 16. 7% 4. 8% 17. 1%Total Count 19 18 12 21 70% Age 100. 0% 100. 0% 100. 0% 100. 0% 100. 0%Table 4. 1 shows the sample?s age of Academicians and administrators of the AIOU. The sample comprises the 50% Academicians and 50% administrators? communities. As evident from the table, greater numbers of male Academicians 83. 3% as well as male administrators 95. 2% are falling in the age category of 51 and above. Whereas, the numbers of female Academicians 31. 8% and female administrators 22% are falling in the age category between 41 to 45. Similarly, there is quite a good number of both Academicians and administrators falling in the young age category; i. e. 30 to 40 years. To sum up, comparatively young male Academicians are working in the AIOU. However, the age group between 30 to 40 of female Academicians is younger than the age group of female administrators. Similarly, overall, there are young people ranging from the age between 30 to 50 employed in the University. Table 4. 2: Cross-tabulation of Profession?s Gender andQualificationGraph 4. 2 documents that there are greater numbers of both male and female Academicians having M. Phil and PhD qualification 68. 5%. Whereas, the administrating positions are mostly having masters degree qualification 91. 7%. Thus the Academicians community is highly qualified as compared to the administrators in the AIOU. Table 4. 3: Cross-tabulation of Profession?s Gender andReading NewspaperGraph 4. 3 refers to the reading habits of faculty members and administrators. As evident from the table both male academicians and administrators read newspaper very greatly. However, the female academicians are less inclined toward reading newspaper as compare to female administrators i. e. 63% and 83% respectively. The overall result shows that reading newspaper by the administrators is higher than the academician community. Table 4. 4: Cross-tabulation of Profession?s Qualification and Reading Newspaper Profession?s Qualification and Reading Newspaper Reading Newspaper TotalYes No Academicians Qualification of the respondents Master Count 21 8 29% of Total 30. 0% 11. 4% 41. 4%M Phil Count 15 4 19% of Total 21. 4% 5. 7% 27. 1%PhD Count 21 1 22% of Total 30. 0% 1. 4% 31. 4%Total Count 57 13 70% of Total 81. 4% 18. 6% 100. 0%Administrators Qualification of the respondents Master Count 39 6 45% of Total 55. 7% 8. 6% 64. 3%M Phil Count 4 1 5% of Total 5. 7% 1. 4% 7. 1%